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Ravel, Maurice

RAVEL, MAURICE (1875 - 1937)

French, of paternal Swiss and maternal Basque descent, Ravel combined skill in orchestration with meticulous technical command of harmonic resources. He wrote in an attractive musical idiom that was entirely his own, in spite of contemporary comparisons with Debussy, a... (more info)

Stage Works
Ravel wrote two operas, the first, described as a comÃ©die-musicale, L'heure espagnole (The Spanish Clock) and the second, with a libretto by Colette, the imaginative L'enfant et les sortilÃ¨ges (The Child and the Enchantments), in which the naughty child is punished when furniture and animals assume personalities of their own. Ravel wrote his ballet Daphnis et ChloÃ© in response to a commission from the Russian impresario Diaghilev. Ma mÃ¨re l'oye (Mother Goose), originally for piano duet, was orchestrated and used for a ballet, as were the Valses nobles et sentimentales and the choreographic poem La valse. Ravel's last ballet score was the famous BolÃ©ro, a work he himself described as an orchestrated crescendo.

Orchestral Music
In addition to the scores for ballet and arrangements of piano works for the same purpose, Ravel wrote an evocative Rapsodie espagnole (Spanish Rhapsody). Orchestrations of original piano compositions include a version of the very well known Pavane pour une infante dÃ©funte (Pavane for a Dead Infanta), the Menuet antique, 'Alborada del gracioso' from Miroirs and pieces from Le tombeau de Couperin. Ravel wrote two piano concertos, the first, completed in 1930, for the left hand only, commissioned by the pianist Paul Wittgenstein, who had lost his right arm in the war, and the second, completed in 1931, for two hands.

Vocal Music
Songs by Ravel include the remarkable ShÃ©hÃ©razade, settings of a text by Tristan Klingsor for mezzo-soprano and orchestra, and the Don Quichotte Ã DulcinÃ©e (Don Quixote to Dulcinea) songs, originally written for a film of Don Quixote in which the famous Russian bass Chaliapin was to star. Songs with piano include settings of the Jules Renard Histoires naturelles, with its instinctive sympathy with the birds and the cricket portrayed.

Chamber Music
Ravel's chamber music includes the evocative nostalgia of the Introduction and Allegro for harp, flute, clarinet and string quartet, a violin sonata with a jazz-style blues movement, a piano trio and a string quartet. Tzigane, written for the Hungarian violinist Jelly d'ArÃ¡nyi, is a remarkable excursion into extravagant gypsy style.

Piano Music
Ravel was himself a good pianist. His music for the piano includes compositions in his own nostalgic archaic style, such as the Pavane and the Menuet antique, as well as the more complex textures of pieces such as Jeux d'eau (Fountains), Miroirs, and Gaspard de la nuit, with its sinister connotations. The Sonatine is in Ravel's neo-classical style and Le tombeau de Couperin is in the form of a Baroque dance suite.

Discography (7)
Image	Title	Price	Release Date	Label
	Ravel, Lalo & Turina Quartets (Ravel/ Lalo: String Quartet Sturina: Prayer of The Bullfighter)	£12.99	Mar 29, 2010	Champs Hill
	Easy Listening: Piano Classics (Piano Classics By Debussy/ Ravel)	~~£12.99~~ £6.49	Feb 1, 2010	Naxos Classics
	Debussy/ Ravel: String Quartets (Debussy: Quartet In G Minor/ Ravel: Violin Sonata No.2/ Quartet In F Major)	£13.99	Jan 4, 2010	Hyperion
	Idil Biret Archive 1 (Ravel: Serenade Grotesque/ Stravinsky: Les Cinq Doigts)	~~£6.99~~ £2.99	Jan 4, 2010	Idil Biret
	Violin Sonatas By Ravel/ Respighi/ Granados	~~£6.99~~ £3.49	Nov 30, 2009	Naxos Classics
	RAVEL: THE CHILD & THE SPELLS	~~£6.99~~ £3.49	Mar 2, 2009	Naxos Classics
	RAVEL: Piano Concerto in G major / DEBUSSY: Toccata / BARTOK: Sonatine / ROUSSEL: 3 Pieces for Piano	£9.99	Sep 1, 2006	Profil
	Dvd/ Blu Ray Catalogue (Euroarts: 2020218)	£8.99	Oct 31, 2011	EuroArts DVD
	Nobel Prize Concert (Euroarts: 2057894)	£29.99	Oct 31, 2011	EuroArts DVD
	Brahms: Ein Deutsches Requiem (Ein Deutsches Requiem Op.45)	~~£6.99~~ £4.99	Sep 28, 2009	Naxos Historical
	Songs of The Stars	~~£6.99~~ £3.49	Jun 1, 2009	Naxos Classics
	Discover Baroque	£16.99	Apr 27, 2009	Naxos Audio Books
	DVORAK: Biblical Songs / Violin Concerto / Te Deum (Dvorak Cycle, Vol. 2) (NTSC)	£14.99	Jan 28, 2008	Arthaus Dvd
	FOULDS: World Requiem (A)	£29.99	Dec 31, 2007	Chandos
	MUSICAL JOURNEY (A) - SOUTHERN FRANCE: A Musical Tour of Provence, Cote d'Azur and Camargue	£9.99	Oct 30, 2006	Naxos Dvd
	LEAVING HOME : ORCHESTRAL MUSIC IN THE 20TH CENTURY - Vol. 3: Colours (NTSC)	£19.99	Aug 29, 2005	Arthaus Dvd
	MUSICAL JOURNEY (A) - MADRID, LA MANCHA, TOLEDO (NTSC)	£9.99	Sep 1, 2004	Naxos Dvd
	JOINT CONCERT AT TEL AVIV (NTSC)	£24.99	May 23, 2003	Arthaus Dvd
	Berlin Gala: A Tribute to Carmen (NTSC)	£19.99	May 15, 2000	Arthaus Dvd

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